What's a style sheet and how do I create one? Help for indie authors

If you’re new to writing and self-publishing, I have a tip for you – one that will save you a major headache as you work through the initial writing and later redrafting stages of your novel ... Create your own style sheet! ​

​Why a style sheet helps authors

Building a style sheet is like holding hands ... but with yourself.

It'll help you keep track of what’s going on in your novel – who’s who, what’s where, and when X, Y and Z happens.

At the same time, you'll be able to record your preferences for the micro elements of your book ... things like spelling, punctuation, the rules about the way your fictional world works, and how you treat the various elements of the text (from paragraphs and headings to narrative, speech and thoughts).

What’s included in a style sheet?

You can include anything you want but a solid, usable style sheet that'll really help you keep an eye on what's going on will include at least the following:
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• character names, histories and traits
• how you’re going to handle point of view
• hyphenation and capitalization
• key geographical locations
• building names and layouts
• language choice
• punctuation style
• spelling preference
• tense choice
• timeline information
• treatment of dialogue and thoughts
• world-building rules

Some writers like to have everything in one place; others prefer to have several documents, each of which records different types of decisions, and toggle from one to another. It’s your choice – whatever helps you work most productively. So, for example, you might create different sheets for the following:

• the main character names and features, and the organizational, family or time-frame groupings they belong to
• a record of key events in the timeline (particularly useful if your novel covers multiple discrete time frames)
• geography: environments and buildings (especially important measurements, such as distances, heights, number of storeys, that if nonsensical could impair clarity)
• spelling and formatting preferences

Additional uses

A style sheet really comes into its own if you're writing a series. Not only will you have a reminder of the places, people and events in the previous book(s), you'll also be able to prevent accidental inconsistency or repetition.

I've proofread series for both indie writers and mainstream publishers. The authors hadn't kept a written record of what had gone before, and different copyeditors had been used for each book.

• In one case, this led to a character's surname changing slightly (but noticeably) in Book 2
• In another , the author had used the same surname for two separate key characters in different books in the series

Copyeditors and proofreaders can spot these problems when they occur within a single book, but if they weren't hired for the previous novel(s), they'll be ignorant of inconsistency or repetition across the series. Your style sheet will enable them to flag up potential errors.

In other words, a style sheet won’t just help you. It’ll help those who assist you, too. And the more we know about what you want, the better the service we can provide for you.

Rules versus preferences

Your decision is final at the end of the day. And while I and my colleagues can give you advice based on industry-recognized style manuals such as The Chicago Manual of Style or Oxford’s New Hart’s Rules, those resources are not the law (though they are excellent!).

Rather, they’re reference points that help writers and editors bring clarity, consistency and readability to text; they’re usually based on preference and convention, not rules (despite the title of the Oxford guide mentioned above!).

If you're not sure which particular element of style will suit your book best, talk to an editor.
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• Developmental editors will be able to advise you on what works well in terms of big-picture decisions.
• Line editors, copyeditors and proofreaders will be able to guide you on the micro elements of style.

Summing up

Inconsistent styling could distract the reader. By creating a style sheet you'll help you and your support team make decisions and stick to them. And that will keep your reader engaged with the right thing – your story.

​Related resource

If you're an editor or proofreader who wants to learn how to create and use branded style sheets that improve efficiency and consistency, and demonstrate professionalism, check out Editing with Style Sheets. The course includes a customizable template.

Louise Harnby is a line editor, copyeditor and proofreader who specializes in working with crime, mystery, suspense and thriller writers.

She is an Advanced Professional Member of the Chartered Institute of Editing and Proofreading (CIEP), a member of ACES, a Partner Member of The Alliance of Independent Authors (ALLi), and co-hosts The Editing Podcast.

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